Which factor can contribute to crime victim stress?

The correct answer emphasizes that all the listed factors can significantly contribute to the stress experienced by crime victims.

The type of support network plays a crucial role in how victims cope with their experiences. A strong and positive support network can help victims process their trauma and reduce stress levels. Conversely, a lack of support or a negative response from friends, family, or community can exacerbate feelings of isolation and stress.

The relationship to the assailant is another critical factor. If the assailant is someone known to the victim, such as a friend, family member, or intimate partner, the betrayal and trauma may be deeper, leading to increased emotional and psychological stress. This complexity can intensify feelings of confusion, fear, and vulnerability.

The duration of the assault can also impact stress levels. Longer assaults may result in more severe trauma and a heightened sense of helplessness, which can lead to stronger psychological effects. Victims may experience lingering anxiety and fear that persists longer than if the incident had been brief.

Together, these factors create a comprehensive understanding of how crime victim stress can be influenced by various circumstances surrounding the crime, underscoring the importance of considering each factor in both research and practical support for victims.