What is the classification of drugs based on their medical use and potential for abuse?

The correct choice refers to drug scheduling, which is a system used to classify drugs based on their medical use, potential for abuse, and the likelihood of causing dependency. This classification helps regulate the availability of various substances and ensures that medications can be used safely within medical practice while minimizing the risk of misuse or addiction.

Drug scheduling categorizes substances into different schedules, with Schedule I drugs having a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use, and Schedule V drugs having a lower potential for abuse and accepted medical applications. This system establishes controls on prescribing and dispensing medications, providing a framework for healthcare providers and law enforcement to manage the use of potentially dangerous substances.

The other options, while related to drug regulation and safety, do not specifically address the classification of drugs based on medical use and abuse potential. The Controlled Substances Act is a piece of legislation that encompasses drug scheduling but is not solely about classification. Pharmaceutical regulation refers to the broader oversight of drug production and marketing. Lastly, substance labeling pertains to the information presented on medication packaging rather than the classification system itself.