What doctrine was enacted by the case Tennessee v. Garner?

The case Tennessee v. Garner established the fleeing felon doctrine, which significantly impacted the use of force by law enforcement officers. The Supreme Court ruled that police may not use deadly force against a fleeing suspect unless it is necessary to prevent the escape and the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious physical injury to the officer or others.

Prior to this ruling, many jurisdictions operated under a policy that allowed officers to shoot fleeing felons regardless of the threat level. The decision in Garner restricted this broad application of deadly force, emphasizing the necessity of balancing the threat posed by the suspect against the rights of individuals, including the right to life.

In contrast, the self-defense doctrine pertains to an individual's right to use reasonable force to protect themselves in immediate danger. The stand your ground doctrine allows individuals to use force without the obligation to retreat when faced with a threat. The duty to retreat doctrine requires individuals to attempt to escape or avoid confrontation before resorting to force. These doctrines operate in different legal contexts and are not directly related to the specific principles established in Tennessee v. Garner.